Implementing the Feynman Technique

1. Keep it simple

The Feynman Technique involves explaining a concept in simple language, as if teaching it to a child. Once you can do that, it’s a sign that you truly understand the topic. So, once you have chosen what topic or concept to start with, write down everything you know about it, as if you were explaining it to someone without any background in the subject. Use simple, straightforward language, avoiding jargon or complex terminology. The goal is to make it as clear and concise as possible.

2. Identify gaps in understanding

While explaining, you’ll likely encounter parts that are hard to describe clearly or that feel incomplete. These gaps signal areas where your understanding could be improved. Note down these gaps and areas that feel unclear.

3. Go back to the source material

Return to your textbooks, notes, or other resources to fill in the gaps you identified. Try to clarify concepts, find examples, or relate difficult sections to other ideas you already understand.

4. Refine and simplify your explanation

Now, rewrite your explanation using what you learned. Aim to make it even clearer and more simplified, ensuring you can communicate the topic effectively without referring to any notes.

5. Optional: test your explanation

If possible, explain the concept to someone else and ask them to rate their understanding, or ask questions about anything they didn’t follow. Those questions may highlight remaining gaps, giving you the chance to solidify your understanding further.

Tips to get the most from the technique

1. Patience and persistence

Some topics may take several rounds of explaining, identifying gaps, and refining. Stick with the process, as it’s often in this repetition that deeper understanding is built.

2. Use analogies, examples and visual aids

Analogies and examples are invaluable tools for simplifying ideas. When refining your explanations, try to think of analogies that relate new concepts to things you already know. This approach not only makes information easier to remember but also more applicable. Likewise, if certain topics are highly visual (like graphs in economics or cycles in biology), incorporate diagrams into your explanations. Visual aids can often simplify complex ideas and make your explanations more complete.

3. Teach a real person or record yourself

If you can, try to teach a friend the concept. Teaching someone who can ask questions allows you to test your understanding and clarify any remaining weak points. If this isn’t possible, explaining a concept aloud (even if only to yourself) activates auditory memory, which can strengthen recall. Recording your explanations allows you to revisit them, check for clarity, and track progress as you improve.

4. Practice regularly and review

Make the Feynman Technique a regular part of your study routine, especially for complex or critical exam topics. Revisiting explanations closer to the exam can help reinforce your understanding.

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The Feynman Technique transforms passive revision into an active, engaging process that builds a deep, flexible understanding. It prepares you not just to answer exam questions but to approach them with confidence and adaptability.